Category Archives: Business

Business with a special emphasis on Small Business. How to set up businesses, idea generation, and diverse topics focused on that niche area.

Don’t Retire, Just Re-fire !!!


Joachim (name not real) has been working for a government institution over the past three decades. Early this year, he received his notice for retirement, something that scared him to the marrow. He could hardly imagine life without being in that institution and begun frantic efforts to get some sort of contract extension. The year is ending and his efforts have yielded nothing. This has left him a bitter man. As a matter of fact, one of his colleagues advised him to go rear chicken.

Retirement is defined as, leaving one’s job, career or occupation permanently, usually because of age (Dictionary.com). It is a song that has been repeatedly sung for us since childhood that we now accept it as a default with some even taking pride in early retirement claiming that all they do is just wake up, eat, drink and have fun.

Unless you have been highly incapacitated by disease, in my view, we have more knowledge jobs today than ever before in the history of humankind hence allowing one to work till they die. These are jobs that do not necessarily require prowess in physical abilities but only a decent brain to be executed.

You have that high flying job today raking in good money but the time shall definitely come when you have to leave. Even when your employer chooses to retire you, at a personal level, Do Not Retire. Recently, while at a meetup with my OBs and OGs, an auditor friend stated it well. He advised that instead of Retiring, we should Re-fire.

How do you Re-fire?

You could be a career lawyer who has rattled the legal profession for years. However, as you age, there are many younger much sharper lawyers in tune with the times and ready to spend hours without end researching on cases before court. It becomes increasingly hard to compete with them. However, this does not mean that you are now useless. By repositioning yourself in a niche area of the legal profession, coupled by your vast experience, it should be possible to boost your career way into the 70s and even 80s.

You’re an auditor, again faced with the ever changing landscape of the profession, if you remain static in your approach, you definitely get wiped away. However, using your networks built over the decades of work, it should be possible to set up a team blending youthful exuberance and adult guidance. This way the zealous youths get managed by the old broom while raking in business from your wealth of contacts. This is called refiring.

Having hustled for years without end, Colonel Sanders found himself penniless at 65 years. Upon retiring, he then chose to utilise his first social security cheque (equivalent to the NSSF in Uganda) to promote his chicken recipe. By partnering with different restaurants and earning a small fee off each piece sold out, that marked the start of Kentucky Fried Chicken, a company he was able to sell for US$ 2 Million eventually. Today, it’s a global icon in the franchising arena.

Then there is the option of re-inventing yourself. Some argue that starting out in a new profession during one’s old age is such a big challenge. True! However, it is not a rule of thumb. Some people have abilities that may be discovered at a more mature age and this is the time to probably bring them out to light.

Ambassador Phillip Idro is currently a well known Agriculturalist engaging in large scale rice commercial farming, processing and marketing through his Upland Rice Millers company. He started all this after retiring from an illustrious career as a diplomat and security chief in the Government of Uganda. His is a classic case of someone who switched into an entirely new field upon retirement and has hit the pinnacle.

Is retirement grossly overrated?

The fairy tale image painted by capitalists of workers putting in their all in exchange for a better future after retirement is some kind of hogwash. At 70 years, one shouldn’t expect to easily enjoy swimming at the Hawaii beaches, eating and drinking all tribes of alcohol day in day out without end. Plainly put, your body can’t handle anymore like that of a 30 year old. Pushed to the limit, it caves in and is likely to become a supermarket of complex medical conditions.

wawa_meetup

Such moments of eating and drinking to your fill in old age need to be interspersed with some form of work to keep one healthy.

When my late father retired, he opted to sit at his home in Butaleja district. Within a few years, he was in and out of hospital facing all sorts of complications. However, the moment he reinvented himself and begun offering his services to schools in the neighborhood, the hospital became alien to him. There are numerous retirees that would have lived much longer if only they had engaged in some form of work to keep them going. You cannot just dump a lifestyle you’ve led for thirty years out of the blue and expect to find comfort in merely sitting and eating food.

Back to Joachim, his current state of sadness could have been avoided if the Human Resource department of his organisation had done its job right. Most HR personnel concentrate on recruitment and internal management of staff. They hardly put into consideration the need to transition staff out of the organisation. Why for example can’t they have a programme that starts mentoring upcoming retirees five years to the time they are meant to leave? This way, they can help these people re-align their expectations, plan better as well as discover themselves in light of being able to work while they are out of the organisation.

Joachim is definitely likely to be haunted by the feeling of hopelessness. He not only is leaving without a staff send off party but shall most likely miss the perks he has enjoyed all this time as a top manager. Someone to deliver your free newspapers each morning, a tea girl to respond to your feeding needs, an official car fuelled by the employer, paid for local and international trips, media coverage among others. A one time minister told a group I am part of that upon being dropped from government, she actually always thought that her phone was spoilt because of the gross reduction of incoming calls. She felt lonely and left out as this was the total opposite of her previous life. This lady has re-invented herself successfully and is going places in her private practise despite being at an advanced age.

Still thinking about retiring? Share your views by commenting to this article.

James Wire is a Business and Technology Consultant based in Kampala, Uganda

Follow him – @wirejames on Twitter #BusinessWithWire

Email – lunghabo [@] gmail [dot] com

HOW TO – Start a Retail Shop


One of the biggest challenges facing both the employed and unemployed folks is that of having a guaranteed daily income to take care of basics especially at home. In most cases, people with big salaries find themselves in negative balances by the time they are paid simply because during the month, as a result of lacking cash to purchase daily necessities, they resorted to borrowing.

There is a teacher who was struggling from pay cheque to pay cheque in a bid to fend for his family until a friend advised him to open up a stall selling simple home groceries. Within three months, his stall had grown and was taking care of all the home needs. Today, he’s actively saving his salary in a Savings and Credit Society with the hope of buying land to build a house.

Mid this year, I was approached by one of the blog readers with a request to help a young lady set up a shop for business. While her initial thought was to set up a wholesale shop, she eventually settled for a retail shop. It is the experience we went through doing all this that is shaping this article. Have you tried setting up a shop before or do you want to do it for the first time? Either way, I believe there is something to learn from this experience.

Retail shops are spread out in our communities and they are not something really new. They largely deal in groceries and other home products like toiletries, beauty products, Mobile Money transfer, Airtime sales, basic electronics among others. While they were traditionally overlooked by many in the past, it seems like their importance in stabilising family finances has been appreciated lately. It is the reason we are seeing more of them crop up.

So, you want to set up one? Good. Let us look at the key issues to consider.

Investment amount: You need to have an idea of how much money you are prospecting to sink into the investment. This will help you as you put your plan into action. Typical retail shop setup costs are dependent on numerous factors but they can range from as low as UGX 2 Million to as much as UGX 50 Million.

Target Market: Identify the target market for your retail shop. Is it an upscale or low end clientele? Is it a roadside location targeting passersby of all kinds? Could it be entertainment revellers in a nearby complex?

Correctly identifying your target market helps you to determine how much money to sink in the project, the pricing approach to be used, types of products stocked and packaging. A good example is the prevalence of small sized 30ml cooking oil sachets in less affluent communities as opposed to the standard 500ml sized cooking oil cans.

Set Standards. Before you set out to look for that shop to rent, have some minimum expectations in place otherwise you might just end up taking on anything that comes your way and not achieve your goals. Do you need parking space? Is a large storage space necessary? Do you want it in a residential area? Should it have electricity and piped water? Should it be able to double up as your accommodation? Is burglar proofing a must? The list could go on and on. You should have at least five core expectations. This helps ease the decision making process in case you have multiple offers.

Location: Be very critical of the location you choose. It highly determines the success of your shop. Basing your shop near a taxi or bus stage can be attractive to the users of public transport and shopping is likely to be brisk during the rush hours. Having a shop by the roadside on a route largely used by drivers of private cars endears you to them especially if you have parking. There is a row of shops on the Namugongo road near Naalya Secondary School, they not only benefit from the fleet of cars that pass by that route daily but have gone a step further to open for business as early as 5am. This allows parents that forgot to shop snacks for their school going children to buy them early in the morning on the way to school.

Agreement with Landlord: Upon identifying the space you want to rent, it is time to interact with the landlord. Most Ugandans are okay with informal agreements for as long as they know they shall pay for the place. However, I urge you to insist on a formal agreement complete with a contract that spells your expectations and obligations as a tenant clearly. If you can, use the services of a lawyer at this stage. There is nothing as sad as starting up a shop, then as it is booming, the landlord decides that it is time to double the rent or boot you out on flimsy grounds with the sole intention of replicating what you have done in that space. Always plan for the worst.

Secure Premises. Once occupancy issues have been sorted out with the landlord, you need to start establishing the investment requirements for furnishing, branding, security among others.

Product List: By this time, you should have studied the target market and identified what kind of products they are likely to buy from you. The items to be purchased should be fast moving because turnover is the secret in most of these retail shops. The margins on products are usually low and this calls for large sales volumes if one is to make some good money. If you can sell 100Kgs of rice weekly making a margin of UGX 20,000, you’re much better off than one who sells the same amount in three weeks making a margin of UGX 30,000.

Suppliers: With full knowledge of the target products, the next stage is to identify suitable wholesalers (suppliers) you can deal with. Most manufacturers do not sell directly to retail shops or consumers but prefer to use a network of distributors who tend to have territorial limitations. Take the example of Jesa Milk, their distributor in the Naalya and Namugongo areas is different from the one in Nansana. You therefore need to find out who to purchase from the selected products. An easier way out usually is going to Kikuubo and purchasing from the various wholesalers already there.

Registration: It is crucial that you register a business name. Lately, it is a very simple process to do this and will hardly take more than 4 hours of your time at the Uganda Registration Services Bureau if you have all the paperwork like Identity Cards in place.

Ensure that the local council registration requirements are met too. Visit that Municipal or Town council office and pay up for the requisite trading license.

Purchases: Your shop is furnished with all the shelves and tables required, burglar proofing is in place, registration paperwork complete, now it’s time to purchase the first products for stocking. Review your product list and purchase limited quantities of each identified product because you are still in an experimental phase and aren’t so sure what will or will not sell. Some shopkeeper once showed me stock he had bought while starting his shop and had not been sold two years down the road. He had misread the market.

Sell: At this point, you should open up the shop to the general public. Start selling as well as actively seeking their feedback on what products they would like to see stocked. Based on the product sales, you too can be able to make judgement on stocking decisions. Take note that different localities have different tastes. There are areas where the sale of fish is likely to boom while for others it’s beans.

Due diligence

The success of a shop isn’t a random occurrence. You need to work towards it and some of the things one needs to adhere to for this success to manifest are;

  • Setting up a record keeping system. This helps you know what you have purchased for stock, how much has been spent purchasing it, what has been sold, remaining product quantities, payments for recurrent costs among others.

  • The records should then facilitate you to carry out daily, weekly and monthly reconciliations. Without such a keen eye on the details, a shop can easily drag you into unnecessary losses especially when you rely on hired labour. I have heard of cases where a hired shop keeper stocks his products e.g crates of soda side by side with those of the business owner, sells off his stock first then starts selling those of the owner. Closer attention could help avert such scenarios.

  • Open up an account for the shop with a financial institution. It’s good practise to desist from keeping business money under the pillow. This is the reason why robbers often times target shop keepers. By keeping money in the bank, you not only secure it but it also helps you account and plan for the business better.

  • Upon transacting, ensure that you bank all your earnings prior to spending. It is a good trail that should make your efforts at accountability much easier especially when ambushed by the tax man. Withdrawals from the account should be clearly recorded indicating the purpose.

  • Pay yourself. You are a human being with needs too. If you are working in the shop, pay yourself a salary, however small. You can always increase it based upon the growth of the business.

  • Take on the services of a walk-in accountant for your book keeping. This should help you keep a proper record trail as well as analysis of business performance at an affordable rate.

  • Your focus should be on growing the business through profit re-investment. Avoid the temptation of rushing to spend lavishly simply because the shop is making a lot of money. The time shall come when you will be able to do that, for now, focus on getting your business to grow.

  • Honesty. As I finalise, it is important to touch on this subject. Exercise utmost honesty in your business. Avoid cheating of customers through dishonest scales or sale of counterfeits. Remember that customers over time get to know when you are dishonest. I once went with my kitchen scale to some meat vendors in my neighbourhood and as they ran towards me expecting business, I challenged them to give me an opportunity to weigh what they offer as a Kilogram of meat. They all withdrew apart from one elderly man who took me on and his Kilogram was of the right amount. I have never stopped purchasing from him ever since.

Hopefully, you have picked up some pointers from this article to pursue your goal of setting up a shop. Start small and scale up with time. What was meant to merely meet the basic needs of you home might turn out to be a huge enterprise worth millions of dollars. This is how the story of Quality Supermarket started in Old Kampala.

James Wire is a Business and Technology Consultant based in Kampala, Uganda
Follow
him @wirejames on Twitter.
Email
lunghabo [at] gmail [dot] com